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Welding Technology Classification
2025-01-07
Welding Technology Classification
1. Fusion Welding
| Characteristic | Description | Common Processes |
|---|---|---|
| Bonding Mechanism | Base metal and filler metal melt together to form a chemical bond | • Arc Welding (Manual/Submerged) • Gas Shielded Welding (TIG/MIG/MAG) • High-Energy Beam Welding (Laser/Electron Beam) |
| Heat-Affected Zone | Relatively wide, requiring controlled heat input |
2. Pressure Welding (Solid-State Welding)
| Characteristic | Description | Common Processes |
|---|---|---|
| Bonding Mechanism | Atomic bonding achieved through pressure without filler metal | • Resistance Welding (Spot/Seam) • Friction Welding • Cold Pressure Welding |
| Joint Characteristics | Narrow weld seam with minimal HAZ |
3. Brazing & Soldering
| Parameter | Hard Brazing | Soft Soldering |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature Threshold | >450°C | ≤450°C |
| Bonding Nature | Physical bonding (Base metal remains solid) | |
| Typical Methods | • Flame Brazing • Induction Brazing • Furnace Brazing |
• Soldering Iron |
Key Technical Comparisons
1. Metallurgical Difference
- Fusion Welding: Chemical bonding via mixed molten metals
- Brazing: Capillary-action physical bonding with lower-T filler
2. Process Selection Criteria
graph LR
A[Base Metal Thickness] –>|Thin| B(Brazing)
A –>|Thick| C(Fusion Welding)
D[Heat Sensitivity] –>|High| B
D –>|Low| C
A[Base Metal Thickness] –>|Thin| B(Brazing)
A –>|Thick| C(Fusion Welding)
D[Heat Sensitivity] –>|High| B
D –>|Low| C
3. Industry Applications
- Brazing Dominates: Heat exchangers, electronics (component sensitivity)
- Fusion Preferred: Structural steel, heavy fabrication